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/ Published in Featured, Journal Article, Resources

The Effect of Adult Smoking Behavior on Children’s Exposure to Secondhand Smoke. An Analysis Based on Salivary Cotinine Levels Among Children in Dhaka and Karachi

Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) risks children’s health. However, biomarkers are rarely used to study SHS exposure among children in low- and middle-income countries.

We analyzed cross-sectional data collected between March and November 2022 for a cluster-randomized controlled trial investigating a Smoke-Free Intervention in 2769 children aged 9–15 in 74 schools (34 in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and 40 in Karachi, Pakistan). Children’s saliva was tested for the concentration of cotinine—a highly sensitive and specific biomarker for SHS exposure. Based on their reports, children’s homes were categorized as Nonsmoking Homes (NSH) when residents were nonsmokers; Smoke-free Homes (SFH) when residents and visitors smoked outdoors only; and Smoke-permitted Homes (SPH) when either residents or visitors smoked indoors. We compared cotinine concentrations across these home types and the two cities using a proportional odds model.

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What you can read next

“He Doesn’t Listen to My Words at All, So I Don’t Tell Him Anything”—A Qualitative Investigation on Exposure to Second Hand Smoke among Pregnant Women, Their Husbands and Family Members from Rural Bangladesh and Urban India
A case study to examine the differential impacts of the response to covid on different sub groups of the urban population
Integrating a diabetes and hypertension case management package within primary health care: a mixed methods feasibility study in Bangladesh

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